Indonesian Halal Auditors Detail Requirements on Halal Cosmetics

1. Haram Materials

Haram means prohibited or unlawful according to Islamic Shariah Law. Haram materials including the following:

• Blood, carrion, pork, animal slaughtered by not mentioning the name of Allah (God), khamr, parts of human body.

• Wild animal (carnivour), animals with sharp teeth and claws, amphibia (animal that live in both land and water).

Exception: All animals from the sea are halal although not slaughtered

2. Najis Materials

Najis refers to uncleanliness, analogous to the contamination of something considered halal. Object that is exposed to najis material is called mutannajis. Every najis and mutannajis material is haram to be consumed.

And najis materials are classified as heavy, medium and light 3 levels.

• Heavy Najis: Pig and its derivatives and saliva from dog

• Medium Najis: Urine, feces, carrion, khamr, blood, etc.

• Light Najis: Urine from baby boy who only breastfeed

3. Critical Cosmetic Ingredients

According to MDPI ^[1], critical ingredients refers to ingredients originated from sources (e.g., unspecified animals, halal animals slaughtered in an unspecified manner) and process of synthesis (e.g., incorporation of haram processing aids, contamination with haram or najis) nonconforming to the halal system. However, the use of alternatively sourced ingredients classified as “critical” may still be allowed to be part of a halal cosmetic product after the manufacturer has secured halal certification for its origin and production, at the same time, uncontaminated with najis.

Ms. Muti listed some examples of cosmetic product and its critical ingredients in her speech.

Product Category	Example of Ingredients
Soap (obtained by saponification of vegetable or animal oils and fats with a strongly alkaline solution)	Glycerin, vitamin E, lanolin, olive oil, propylen glycol, placental enzyme, sodium stearate, fragrance, sodium tallowate, sodium cocoate, water, glycerin, sucrose, denaturate, sodium stearate, fragrance, honey, pentasodium pentenate, tetrasodium-ethidronate, D&C yellow No.10, D&C Red No.33
Hair Coloring	Stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, sodium lauryl sulphate, lanolin, alcohol, salicylic acid, disodium phosphate, H2O2, hydrolize keratin, perfume, etidronic acid, phosphoric acid
Hair Vitamin	Jojoba oil, cyclomethicon, vitamin A, vitamin C, Vitamin E8, polysilicone-15, fragrance Note: manufacture in soft gel
Lipsticks	Octyl methoxycinnimate, simethicone, petroleum destillate, tetraisostearate, bis-dis-glyceryl polycyladipate-2, methyl methacrylate crossploymer, aqua, candelilla cera, rice wax, beeswax, titanium hydroxide, hydrogenated-jojoba oil,  tocopheryl acetate, propylene carbonate, butylene glycol, wheat germ oil, perfume, hydrolized collagen, propyl paraben, glyceryl stearate, tocopherol, ascorbyl palmitate, methyl paraben, etc.
Lipbalm	Cera microcristaline, octyldodecanal, hydrogenated polydecene, cetyl palmitate, ricinus communis seed oil, myristil miristate, VP/hexadecene co polymer, cetearyl alcohol, polyglyceryl 3-disostearate, butyrospermum parkii butter, cocoglycerides, benzyl benzoate, citral, VP/eicosene copolymer, C20-40 alkyl stearate, cera carnauba, simmonsia chinensis oil, pentoerythritil tetraisostearate, panthenol, vitis vinifera seed oil, glycerin, cera alba, aqua, limonene, linalool, perfume
Toothpaste	Sorbitol, sodium floride, sodium saccharine, titanium oxide, propylene glycol, methyl paraben, xanthan gum, sodium alginate, sodium polyacrylate, SiO2, sodium lauryl sulphate, water, xylitol, flavour
Primary Packaging	Glass Plastics --> polietilen, polietilen tereftalat (PET), polipropilen (PP), polivinil khlorida (PVC), akrilik Elastic --> chloropen rubber, isoprene, butyl, polysacphides, silicon, polyurethane Metal --> Tin, aluminium and steel Critical points: Additives: Plastisizer (glycerol, sorbitol, gelatin), dye (animal fatty acid mixture) Processing aid: catalyst, calcium stearate

*Critical points or ingredients in these products are marked in red.

Comparison of Current and Previous Halal Certification Policy

The following table is the comparison of halal certification policy before and after Oct. 17, 2019 provided in the speech of Ms. Dewi, the Indonesian halal auditor also the founder of DRS Consulta. In short, Indonesian halal certification policy is going to be more standardized.

Item	Before Oct. 17, 2019	Oct 17, 2019 Onward
Type of Certificate	Facility & Product	Product
Validity of Certificate	2 years	4 years
Halal System	Halal Assurance System HAS 23000	Halal Management System SNI:99001:2016
Scope of Recognition	Slaughtering, Raw Material, Flavor/Fragrance	Finished product
Halal Responsible Person	Internal Halal Coordinator (KAHI) - trained	Halal Supervisor (trained & certified)
Halal Auditor	Trained	Trained, Certified, Registered

Halal Certification Challenges

Ms. Muti also presented several challenges that need to be taken into account in the development of halal cosmetics. These challenges are still waiting to be solved in the future.

• Public awareness of halal cosmetic products is increasing not only in Indonesia but also internationally, however the awareness of having halal cosmetics is far behind the awareness of having halal food product

• Cosmetics use a lot of ingredients. The halal status of each ingredients is not easy to be traced, because of the lack of halal material knowledge from manufacturer/supplier

• It is difficult to find a halal substitute material for some cosmetics ingredients

• It is a challenge to have a formula water resistant product that still can be penetrated by water

• Some packaging and application equipment such as blush brushes, lipstick brushes still use non-halal material.